Carbon Capture and Storage

Disused offshore oil and gas fields are being increasingly used to store liquified carbon dioxide (CO₂) captured from industrial emitters as part of Net Zero initiatives. 

We are playing a leading role in researching the impacts that this method of offshore storage will have on the ocean – with a particular focus on the essential requirement that all offshore Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) projects monitor the fields themselves to ensure there is no leakage of the stored CO₂ back into the environment. It is essential that this monitoring activity is carried out thoroughly and accurately.

Our scientists and engineering teams have undertaken a number of scientific missions over the last decade to understand how best to identify CO₂ seepage using our unique lab-on-chip sensors and autonomous technology. CO₂ dissolves very quickly into sea-water, so rather than rely on one single sensor, our research has tested many sonar and chemical sensors to develop a combined package of sensors that not only reduces false alerts from naturally occurring organic sources of CO₂ but also improves the reliability of alerts by avoiding complete reliance on a single sensor.

Autonomous Monitoring Service

Our world-leading scientific research combined with our unique proven engineering capabilities in autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs) and seabed landers, has enabled us to develop a new turn-key solution for CCS monitoring. This solution, known as Autonomous Monitoring Service (AMS), utilizes our own intelligent seabed landers for points of special geological interest that require continuous monitoring supplemented with a dedicated fleet of our Auto-Sub 1500 AUVs to patrol the entire field. 

Both our landers and AUVs are equipped with the optimum sensor package designed from research experience. Our ALRs stop to frequently communicate with our landers, forming a fully autonomous ecosystem. Data highlights, along with any alerts, are transmitted back to our mission base, as well as directly to our client daily as our ALRs surface. Clients can view all data highlights effortlessly through their AMS dashboard accessed through any web browser or device and configure alert notifications for multiple users in their organisation.

Our AMS solution ensures maximum environmental protection for any offshore CCS activity but in addition our ALRs can undertake other missions such as detection of methane, hydrocarbons, pipeline or general marine infrastructure surveys. Scientific data can also be harvested to enable scientists globally to build knowledge and understanding of the world’s oceans and create a sustainable future.

Rock Physics Lab

We designed a specialist lab that was used to look at the basic geological properties of rock samples taken from possible CCS sites in Italy to be tested to provide some baseline data on how those reservoirs might react to CO2 injection. This included seismic forward modelling as well as a full review of elasticity and hydromechanical properties both before and after being exposed to CO2.

With this capacity we can physically characterise reservoirs before injection takes place. 

Geotechnical Services

Our Marine Geology team provides extensive geological consultation relating to a number of areas:

• Site Characterization: We can assist commercial operators in understanding the geological and geophysical characteristics of potential storage sites. This includes analysing sediment types, determining seafloor stability, assessing the composition of underlying rock formations, and identifying potential impacts of CO2 injection through facilities like the Rock Physics Lab.

• Geological Modelling and Mapping: By utilizing Geological modelling techniques, we can generate geological models, providing data on the subsurface conditions and structural properties of the storage sites. This aids in identifying suitable areas for carbon storage and predicting storage capacities as well as the risk of leaks.

• Risk Assessment: We can perform geotechnical risk assessments to evaluate the stability and integrity of storage sites. This involves assessing potential risks such as geological hazards, and the potential risks for CO2 leakage. By identifying and mitigating potential risks, we ensure the safety and long-term viability of CCS projects.

• Seismic Analysis: Seismic analysis is crucial for understanding the subsurface structure and identifying potential faults or fractures that may affect the effectiveness of carbon storage. We can provide seismic data analysis, seismic hazard assessment, and detection of potential leakage pathways using technologies like sonar and acoustic imaging.

• Sediment Characterization: Accurate characterization and analysis of offshore sediments are vital for carbon storage projects. We can analyse sediment samples to determine their permeability, porosity, and trapping potential, which helps assess the suitability of the sediments for long-term carbon storage.

Consultation

At NOC Innovations we have considerable expertise, and we want to share it. 

• CCS Feasibility Assessments: We can conduct comprehensive assessments to determine the suitability and feasibility of CCS projects in marine environments analysing factors like ocean currents, seafloor conditions, and sediment characteristics.
  
  
• Environmental Impact Assessments: We can assess the potential environmental impacts of CCS operations, ensuring that carbon capture and storage activities do not harm marine ecosystems.
  
  
• Policy and Regulation Support: Through our expertise and research, NOC Innovations can provide valuable insights and recommendations to policymakers, regulators, and stakeholders involved in the development and implementation of CCS policies. With a view to promote responsible CCS practices.
  
  
• Research and Innovation: We endeavour to improve CCS technologies, enhance understanding of CO2 storage mechanisms and wider research into mCDR (marine carbon dioxide removal), and can assist in the development of innovative solutions for sustainable carbon capture and storage practices.

Want to hear more about how we can work with you? 

Please contact us and we will be in touch.